The Conservation and Sustainable Use of Mountains and Mountain Ranges (CoSMoS) project began activities in 19 Protected Areas (PAs), focusing on wildfire brigades, biodiversity monitoring, and the implementation of plans for tourism management, fire control, invasive species management, and the update of management plans. These actions are led by the the National Commission of Natural Protected Areas (CONANP, acronym in Spanish) with administrative and technical support from local organizations. The goal is to improve the management of key ecosystems in central Mexico and strengthen the capacity of PA staff to address pressures from urbanization and climate change. The PAs received essential equipment to support their work, including office supplies, personal protective equipment for brigade members, firefighting tools, portable weather stations, field guides, and camera traps. In addition, the project invested in critical infrastructure such as lookout towers and guard stations, the rehabilitation of a community forest nursery, and the renovation of a tourist service center. In parallel, CONANP updated the management programs and developed strategies to prevent forest pests and diseases. In coordination with the National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity (CONABIO, acronym in Spanish), it designed and published a call for subprojects focused on restoration to be implemented within the PAs and their surrounding areas. The project also identified 111 community enterprises to be strengthened by Local Technical Assistance Providers (PLATs, acronym in Spanish), aiming to improve their operations and profitability. This initiative seeks to support local economies through the sustainable use of natural resources provided by the PAs. The selected PLATs will carry out diagnostics and develop improvement plans for each enterprise.